Internet Protocol version 6 or IPv6 is an improved version of the current and widely used Internet Protocol, IPv4. IP enables data to be sent via the Internet and ensures that it arrives at its correct destination. In addition to exponentially expanding the number of addresses for people and devices to connect to the Internet, IPv6 brings exciting enhancements over IPv4.
The key feature of IPv6 is its extra address space from IPv4’s 32 bits to 128 bits, which increases the number of available IP addresses from 4 billion to over 340 trillion trillion trillion.
The number of IP addresses available using IPv6.
That's nearly five trillion individual IP addresses for each man, woman and child on the planet.
The finite address space used by the current version of the Internet protocol, IPv4, was completely allocated in 2011. Without action, there is a risk of increased costs and limited functionality for Internet users. The only long-term solution to this problem is adoption of IPv6, which provides more than four billion times more space. IPv6 is used extensively in many large networks, but it has never been enabled at a global scale. Major web companies are now committing to enable IPv6 on their main websites, and there are strong incentives for industry players to ensure their systems are prepared for the transition. Today, IPv6 is critical to the broad-scale implementation of a wide variety of devices.
The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is one of evolution rather than revolution, so for an extended period of time both IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist. The transition will be gradual because many users have large installed equipment bases and replacing these at one time would be costly even when considering the significant benefits of IPv6. Furthermore, there are a number of “band-aids”, such as NAT, that have been designed to extend the life of IPv4 — but they will only temporarily slow the drive to IPv6 and will certainly not prevent IPv6 becoming the IP of choice.
As the last IPv4 numbers have been allocated by the Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA), the industry is now shifting its focus to adopting IPv6 technologies.